Christian P Gurtner

US Patent:

6706473, Mar 16, 2004

Filed:

Jan 24, 2000

Appl. No.:

09/489855

Inventors:

Carl Frederick Edman - San Diego CA
Michael James Heller - Encinitas CA
Christian Gurtner - La Jolla CA
Rachel Formosa - San Diego CA

Assignee:

Nanogen, Inc. - San Diego CA

International Classification:

C12Q 168

US Classification:

435 6, 435 4, 435 5, 435 71, 422 50, 422 681

Abstract:

A platform for photoelectrophoretic transport and electronic hybridization of fluorescence labeled DNA oligonucleotides in a low conductivity electrolyte is described. A chemically stabilized semiconductor photodiode or photoconductor surface is coated with a streptavidin-agarose permeation layer. Micro-illumination of the surface generates photo-electrochemical currents that are used to electrophoretically transport and attach capture strands, preferably biotinylated DNA, to arbitrarily selected locations. The same process is then used to transport and electronically hybridize fluorescence labeled DNA target strands to the previously attached capture strands. Signal detection is accomplished either by a fluorescence scanner or a CCD camera. This represents a flexible electronic DNA assay platform that need not rely on pre-patterned microelectronic arrays.

US Patent:

6780584, Aug 24, 2004

Filed:

Sep 27, 2000

Appl. No.:

09/671954

Inventors:

Carl F. Edman - San Diego CA
Eugene Tu - San Diego CA
Christian Gurtner - La Jolla CA
Lorelei Westin - San Diego CA
Michael J. Heller - Encinitas CA

Assignee:

Nanogen, Inc. - San Diego CA

International Classification:

C12Q 168

US Classification:

435 6, 435 912, 436501, 422 50, 422 681

Abstract:

This invention pertains to the design, fabrication, and uses of an electronic system which can actively carry out and control multi-step and multiplex reactions in macroscopic or microscopic formats. In particular, these reactions include molecular biological reactions, such as nucleic acid hybridizations, nucleic acid amplification, sample preparation, antibody/antigen reactions, clinical diagnostics, combinatorial chemistry and selection, drug screening, oligonucleotide and nucleic acid synthesis, peptide synthesis, biopolymer synthesis and catalytic reactions. A key feature of the present invention is the ability to control the localized concentration of two or more reaction-dependant molecules and their reaction environment in order to greatly enhance the rate and specificity of the molecular biological reaction.

US Patent:

7060224, Jun 13, 2006

Filed:

Jan 6, 2003

Appl. No.:

10/337450

Inventors:

Carl F. Edman - San Diego CA, US
Michael J. Heller - Encinitas CA, US
Rachel Formosa - San Diego CA, US
Christian Gurtner - La Jolla CA, US

Assignee:

Nanogen, Inc. - San Diego CA

International Classification:

G01N 15/00
G01N 27/00

US Classification:

422 681, 204450

Abstract:

Methods and apparatus are provided for the fabrication of microscale, including micron and sub-micron scale, including nanoscale, devices. Electronic transport of movable component devices is utilized through a fluidic medium to effect transport to a desired target location on a substrate or motherboard. Forces include electrophoretic force, electroosmotic force, electrostatic force and/or dielectrophoretic force. In the preferred embodiment, free field electroosmotic forces are utilized either alone, or in conjunction with, other forces. These forces may be used singly or in combination, as well as in conjunction with yet other forces, such as fluidic forces, mechanical forces or thermal convective forces. Transport may be effected through the use of driving electrodes so as to transport the component device to yet other connection electrodes. In certain embodiments, the component devices may be attached to the target device using a solder reflow step.

US Patent:

7300757, Nov 27, 2007

Filed:

Aug 23, 2004

Appl. No.:

10/925375

Inventors:

Carl F. Edman - San Diego CA, US
Eugene Tu - San Diego CA, US
Christian Gurtner - La Jolla CA, US
Lorelei Westin - San Diego CA, US
Michael J. Heller - Encinitas CA, US

Assignee:

Nanogen, Inc. - San Diego CA

International Classification:

C12Q 1/68
C12P 19/34
G01N 33/566
G01N 15/06

US Classification:

435 6, 435 911, 435 912, 436501, 422 50, 422 681

Abstract:

This invention pertains to the design, fabrication, and uses of an electronic system which can actively carry out and control multi-step and multiplex reactions in macroscopic or microscopic formats. In particular, these reactions include molecular biological reactions, such as nucleic acid hybridizations, nucleic acid amplification, sample preparation, antibody/antigen reactions, clinical diagnostics, combinatorial chemistry and selection, drug screening, oligonucleotide and nucleic acid synthesis, peptide synthesis, biopolymer synthesis, and catalytic reactions. A key feature of the present invention is the ability to control the localized concentration of two or more reaction-dependant molecules and their reaction environment in order to greatly enhance the rate and specificity of the molecular biological reaction.

US Patent:

8630807, Jan 14, 2014

Filed:

Apr 11, 2006

Appl. No.:

11/401713

Inventors:

Carl F. Edman - San Diego CA, US
Michael J. Heller - Encinitas CA, US
Rachel Formosa - San Diego CA, US
Christian Gurtner - La Jolla CA, US

Assignee:

Gamida For Life B.V. - Rotterdam

International Classification:

G01N 33/50
G01N 33/48

US Classification:

702 19

Abstract:

Methods are provided for the fabrication of microscale, including micron and sub-micron scale, including nanoscale, devices. Electronic transport of movable component devices is utilized through a fluidic medium to effect transport to a desired target location on a substrate or motherboard. Forces include electrophoretic force, electroosmotic force, electrostatic force and/or dielectrophoretic force. In the preferred embodiment, free field electroosmotic forces are utilized either alone, or in conjunction with, other forces. These forces may be used singly or in combination, as well as in conjunction with yet other forces, such as fluidic forces, mechanical forces or thermal convective forces. Transport may be effected through the use of driving electrodes so as to transport the component device to yet other connection electrodes. In certain embodiments, the component devices may be attached to the target device using a solder reflow step.

US Patent:

20040209355, Oct 21, 2004

Filed:

Feb 4, 2004

Appl. No.:

10/772744

Inventors:

Carl Edman - San Diego CA, US
Michael Heller - Encinitas CA, US
Christian Gurtner - La Jolla CA, US
Rachel Formosa - San Diego CA, US

Assignee:

Nanogen, Inc. - San Diego CA

International Classification:

C12M001/34

US Classification:

435/287200

Abstract:

A platform for photoelectrophoretic transport and electronic hybridization of fluorescence labeled DNA oligonucleotides in a low conductivity electrolyte is described. A chemically stabilized semiconductor photodiode or photoconductor surface is coated with a streptavidin-agarose permeation layer. Micro-illumination of the surface generates photo-electrochemical currents that are used to electrophoretically transport and attach capture strands, preferably biotinylated DNA, to arbitrarily selected locations. The same process is then used to transport and electronically hybridize fluorescence labeled DNA target strands to the previously attached capture strands. Signal detection is accomplished either by a fluorescence scanner or a CCD camera. This represents a flexible electronic DNA assay platform that need not rely on pre-patterned microelectronic arrays.

US Patent:

6569382, May 27, 2003

Filed:

Nov 8, 1999

Appl. No.:

09/436311

Inventors:

Carl F. Edman - San Diego CA
Michael J. Heller - Encinitas CA
Rachel Formosa - San Diego CA
Christian Gurtner - La Jolla CA

Assignee:

Nanogen, Inc. - San Diego CA

International Classification:

G01N 1500

US Classification:

422 681, 422 50, 435 6

Abstract:

Methods and apparatus are provided for the fabrication of microscale, including micron, sub-micron, and nanoscale, devices. Electronic transport of movable component devices is utilized through a fluidic medium to effect transport to a desired target location on a substrate or motherboard. Forces include electrophoretic force, electroosmotic force, electrostatic force and/or dielectrophoretic force. In the preferred embodiment, free field electroosmotic forces are utilized either alone, or in conjunction with, other forces. These forces may be used singly or in combination, as well as in conjunction with yet other forces, such as fluidic forces, mechanical forces or thermal convective forces. Transport may be effected through the use of driving electrodes so as to transport the component device to yet other connection electrodes. In certain embodiments, the connection electrodes may also be utilized, either alone or in combination with driving electrodes, to electronically transport the component device to the connection electrodes.