Edward Elizondo - Rochester Hills MI, US George J. Beyer - Troy MI, US Andrew M. Hatch - Lake Orion MI, US
International Classification:
G01N 31/00
US Classification:
436 60
Abstract:
A bodymaker coolant in an aluminum drawing-and-ironing operation often is a slurry in water of a predominantly organic “neat lube” that includes a boron-amine complex as one of its constituents. The neat lube is consumed during use and therefore needs to be replenished in the bodymaker coolant, but chemical analysis of the neat lube in bodymaker coolant has proved to be difficult in practice. It has been found that (1) the concentration of boron in the bodymaker coolant serves as an adequate proxy for the concentration of all other constituents in the neat lube that need to be controlled during use of the bodymaker coolant in order to obtain sufficiently precise control to assure commercially reliable results from passage of container units through the drawing and ironing process, even if the bodymaker coolant includes suspended fine particles of metal; and (2) other constituents of many conventional bodymaker coolants interfere significantly with standard methods for the analytical determination of boron content, but this interference can be prevented by suitable additions to a sample of the bodymaker coolant. An improved analytical method is based on these discoveries.
Joseph A. Dunn - Sterling Heights MI William P. Warkentin - West Bloomfield MI Edward Elizondo - Rochester Hills MI
Assignee:
Henkel Corporation - Gulph Mills PA
International Classification:
B21D 915
US Classification:
72 42, 72 58, 72 61
Abstract:
A process of mechanical hydroforming, in which a hollow tube is caused to expand against the interior surface of a die that surrounds the tube by hydraulic pressure applied to a liquid that fills the interior of the tube, is improved by coating the part of the exterior surface of the tube that comes into contact with the die surface against which it expands with a wax that is solid at normal room temperature but can be maintained fully melted and in contact with air, without showing any visible evidence of decomposition, at a temperature that is at least 75 degrees C. Preferably, the wax is applied to the surface to be hydroformed by spraying from melt onto the surface while the latter is maintained above the melt temperature of the wax. Shortly after the wax has been thus applied to the surface, the wax is cooled until it solidifies. Most preferably, the wax is an âoxidized hydrocarbonâ wax that is about 95% hydrocarbon and 5% straight chain carboxylic acids and contains a wide variety of molecular weights of both hydrocarbons and carboxylic acids.